Amendment+9+(2)

Period 2 (2009) (back)

Sites to explore: * [] * []

-Ninth amendment is about the rights not mentioned in the constitution *For example, the right to die -Others such as getting an education, right to drive, right to get married
 * What is the ninth amendment?**
 * REMEMBER: RIGHTS WE HAVE TODAY THAT ARE NOT MENTIONED IN THE CONSTITUTION* (Thats pretty much the easiest way to state the amendment)

// Meyer v. State Of Nebraska (1923) // -State law prohibited the teaching of German in schools -Nebraska prohibited the teaching of any language other than English in thier schools -Could not teach other languages until the child has completed the eighth grade -Meyer taught German in a parochial school *Taught German bible history
 * Court Cases:**

//Pierce v. Society of sisters (1925)// -Oregon law required all children ages eight to sixteen to attend public school -If didn't comply, parents would be charged with misdemeanor -Court ruled that it is acceptable for parents to educate their children in parochial schools, a state does not have to require children to attend public schools
 * Paraochial schools** - religious schools

Allows the citizens to have rights not listed in the constitution
 * How much freedom is granted to the citizens of the United States:**

**Restriants on the 9th Amendment:** -Who determines the rights not listed -Supreme court makes the decision -Legislatures do not have the authority to make laws on "rights" -Legislatures can not rule what is unconstitutional -How far does the government go on determining what are "rights" and what are not

**Current Interpretations of the amendment**: -Supreme court are to protect the people from the government from violating their unlisted rights -Supreme court are to decide what the unlisted rights are

-As time goes on, our views on society will change; so will the amendment. More rights will be granted to the citizens that are not listed in the constitution. Depending on how society changes, it will determine what is restricted and unrestricted.
 * Prediction on the future of the amendment:**

There is a differernce between rights and privileges. Rights can but never should be violated but priviliges can be take n away

The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. When the Bill of Rights was first proposed, the major argument against it was that by specifying some rights that the government was not free to violate, there would be the implication that the government was free to violate any rights not specifically protected in the Constitution. The Ninth Amendment was written to address this concern.

"The Ninth Amendment is controversial because it's so open-ended," said Steve Frank, vice president of education and exhibits at the National Constitution Center in Philadelphia.The amendment, often used as the basis for a person's right to privacy, was cited during the historic Roe v. Wade decision of 1973, which legalized abortion throughout the land.In an earlier landmark case, Griswold vs. Connecticut, the Supreme Court in 1965 struck down a state law outlawing contraceptives on the grounds it denied a person's right to privacy, citing the Ninth Amendment and other precedents.The amendment has played a role in cases regarding the rights of homosexuals, and has also come into play during Supreme Court nomination hearings.

Period 2 (2009) (back)